郑州市2022一2023学年下学期期末考试高中二年级生物参考答案一、选择题（每小题2分，共50分）题号123456>89o答案DADCDcDCB题号11121314151617181920答案A00AB0CC◇题号2122232425答案DDBDB二、非选择题（除注明的外，每空均为1分，共50分）26.(10分)(1)五4脱水缩合(2)内质网和高尔基体胞吐需要这些药物具有与脑啡肽相似的空间结构(3)双缩脲11、3(2分)27.(10分)(1)氧化型辅酶II(NADP+)(电子)腺苷三磷酸类囊体薄膜暗反应减少(2)H2葡萄糖没有细胞呼吸消耗糖类(3)植物缺水导致叶片气孔关闭，从外界吸收的C02减少（2分)28.(15分)(1)脲酶尿素固体选择培养基碳源、无机盐、水(2分)(2)无菌水稀释涂布板法3.6×106(2分)当两个或多个细胞连在一起时，板上观察到的只是一个菌落(2分)(3)大抑菌圈的出现是因为抗生素将Hp杀死所致，因此抑菌圈直径越大，表示抗生素对H印杀伤作用越强，治疗效果越好(2分)29.(15分)(1)显微操作42(2)体细胞分化程度高，表现全能性十分困难(2分)诱导细胞融合(3)调控相关基因的表达不会同期发情(4)mRNA引物脱氧核苷酸DNA聚合酶变性、复性和延伸(2分)抗原一抗体杂交

高三第一轮复周测卷胞，C项错误：根据题表中数据可知，用浓度为25%的盐破溶液处理后，分裂期细胞数与观察细胞数的比值最高，说明该浓度更适合用于洋葱根尖细胞的解高，D项正确。【答案D3.存活因子是一种存活信号，它与细胞表面的受体结合后，启动细胞内部信号途径，抑制测亡发生，过程如图所示。下列叙述正确的是存活因子转录因子Bd-2基因周亡程序RNA蛋白激酶,。细胞凋亡注：→表示促进，表示抑制ABc-2基因仅存在于将要调亡的动物细胞中B.Bck-2基因的转录需转录因子，DNA聚合酶等的参与C.存活因子通过调控B2蛋白的合成来抑制细胞凋亡D.转录因子、ATP合成酶从细胞质进人细胞核通过0层膜【解析】B2基因不仅仅存在于将要调亡的动物细胞中，其存在于几乎所有的动物活细胞中，A项错误；Bl2基因的转录需转录因子、RNA聚合晦等的参与，B项错误；由题图可知，存活因子通过调控Bb2基因的表达，抑制细胞调亡，C项正确：转录因子从细胞质通过枝孔进入细胞核，通过0层膜，动物细胞中ATP合成的场所有细胞质基质和线粒体，细胞校中不能合成ATP,故ATP合成晦不进入细胞核，D项错误。【答案】C4.K1oho基因是一种与衰老密切相关的基因，它通过调控离子通道、信号通路或其他基因表达而发挥抗衰老、保护肾脏及心血管等作用。研究发现，Klotho基因缺陷小鼠寿命缩短了80%，而Klothe0基因过度表达后能够延长雄鼠30.8%、雌鼠19.0%的寿命。下列叙述错误的是A高等动物衰老的细胞内，Klotho基因的表达可能受到了抑制B衰老的细胞萎缩、体积变小，细胞核体积也变小，核膜内折，染色质收缩C.细胞代谢产生的自由基可能会攻击Kloth0基因，导致细胞衰老D.将更多的Klotho基因转入细胞后，可能不能完全阻止细胞衰老【解析】Klotho基因是一种与衰老密切相关的基因，它通过调控离子通道、信号通路或其他基因的表达而发挥抗衰老的作用，所以高等动物衰老的细胞内，Kloh0基因的表达可能受到了抑制，A项正确；衰老的细胞水分减少，细胞萎缩、体积变小，细胞核体积增大，核膜内折，染色质收缩，B项错误；根据分析可知，Koh0基因的表达可抵抗衰老，而细胞代谢产生的自由基可导致细胞衰老，可能是细胞代谢产生的自由基会攻击Kloh0基因，导致细胞衰老，C项正确；研究发现，K1oh0基因缺陷的小鼠寿命缩短了80%，而过度表达K1oho基因后能够延长雄鼠30.8%、雌鼠19.0%的寿命，说明细胞衰老不只与Kloh0基因有关，故将更多的Kloh0基因转入细胞后，不能完全阻止细胞衰老，D项正确【答案】B化5.图1表示细胞有丝分裂不同时期染色体数与核DNA数比例的变化关系；图2、图3分别是高等动细物甲，高等植物乙细胞有丝分裂的部分图像。下列叙述正确的是+染色体与核DNA数目比8AB7结构H微D五细胞分裂时期图1图2图3A图1中BC段进行核DNA复制，染色体数目加倍38【24G3ZCJ生物-R-必考-SX】

1/20=2/5=40%,F2植株的基因型及比例为AA：Aa:aa=3:4:1。(5)植株甲、植株乙均为隐性突变植株，若植株的花色受一对等位基因控制，则植株甲和植株乙进行杂交，子一代仍为白花，而实际将植株甲和植株乙进行杂交，F,均为红花植株，因此可推测该植株的花色（至少）受两对等位基因的控制，突变为植株甲和植株乙的隐性基因不是同一对等位基因。

群落的水结构指群落的水配置状况或水格局，其主要表现特征是镶嵌性，不同林分密度下的植物种类存在差异体现了群落的水结构。【小问2详解】随林分密度的增大，白桦对阳光、养分等的竞争加剧，影响自身生长，导致均胸径减小。研究表明，人工造林时较为理想的林分密度是1200株hm2,此密度下白花均胸径最大，草本种数最多、灌木种数最多。【小问3详解】①碳元素在生物群落和无机环境之间以CO2的形式进行循环。植被中碳的去向与能量流动相辅相成，碳的去向为呼吸作用散失、流向消费者和分解者。林分密度为1000株hm2时土壤微生物分解能力增强，有机物分解速度快，导致土壤碳储量均较低。林分密度为1000株m2时密度过大净光合效率下降，植被碳储量降低，输入土壤的有机碳减少。适宜的林分密度能较好地实现土壤对碳的固存，提高了固定C02的能力，降低大气中C02浓度，缓解温室效应，这是生物多样性的生态学功能，这体现了生物多样性的间接价值。【小问4详解】人类活动往往会使群落演替按照不同于自然演替的速度和方向进行。不合理的人工林组成与结构及经营措施会导致一系列的生态问题，这主要违背了生态工程的整体、协调、循环、自生原理，最终影响碳汇林业的可持续性。21.下图是B细胞与辅助性T细胞(Th细胞)相互作用之后B细胞被活化的过程图。CD80/86是B细胞识别抗原后表达的蛋白，CD4OL是活化后的Th细胞表达的蛋白，BCR是B细胞表面的特异性识别抗原的受体，CD40和MHCⅡ是B细胞表面的组成性蛋白，CD28、TCR是Th细胞表面的组成性蛋白，请回答下列问题。B细胞Th细胞CD80/86CD28照网活化信号②BCR抗原加工、提呈MHCII TCRTh活化抗原Q活化信号活化信号①活化信号②CD40 CD4OLB细胞活●●●细胞因子(1)活化B细胞的第一信号是抗原在B细胞中加工形成的抗原肽，与MHCⅡ形成复合物，提呈给T细胞表面的,从而形成活化T细胞的第一信号。(2)由图可知，活化Th细胞和B细胞的第二信号分别是第21页/共29页

2022年济宁市高考模拟考试英语试题2022.03注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50分)第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AThe two-week Harvard Pre-College Program is an intense and exciting experience ofthe college life.The admission committee is now looking for mature,academicallymotivated students who will graduate from high school and enter college in 2022.The Course ExperienceWith over 30 courses to choose from,you're sure to find a topic that interests you.Although courses are non-credit and do not have letter grades,you need to attend the classin its entirety.When class is not in session,you can participate in creative and socialactivities.At the end of the program,you'll receive a written evaluation from yourinstructor,as well as a transcript(成绩单).Time·July24-August5How to ApplyComplete an online application and provide supplemental (materials,including:The 75 non-refundable application fee.Transcripts from 9th grade to fall 2021 grades:This can include progress reports,report cards,and educational summaries from your high school.If English is not your native language,submit scores from the TOEFL IBT orIELTS language proficiency exam along with your application.Cost AidThe total fee for a Harvard Pre-College Program 2022 session is $4,950.Theprogram fee includes tuition,room and board,and activity costs for the full two weeks.There is also a non-refundable $75 application fee and $100 health insurance.A limited number of scholarships are available to assist students who demonstrate英语试题第1页（共8页)

周测卷三单句填空1.to deal 2.suits 3.precisely 4.a 5.to 6.knowledgeable 7.clarify 8.unfolded 9.straightforwardly10.to obtain短语填空11.negotiated with 12.is interpreted as 13.in my shoes 14.suits me fine 15.gain from 16.reacted to17.attentive to 18.feedback from 19.approves of 20.account for阅读理解美国小孩对手机、板电脑等数码产品很沉迷，一些专家对此问题提出了他们的看法。21.A根据第1段可知，文章通过Herrick的例子呈现话题：现代科技给人们带来的影响，特别是对孩子的影响。22.D根据第4段最后一句可知，Systrom对互联网技术的兴趣使他创立了Instagram。23.D根据最后一段第1句可知，Brian Peterson是在一家电话公司当副总裁。24.A本文主要是讲述了小孩因沉迷手机、板电脑等数码产品而带来的一系列问题。七选五25~29 CFGDA完形填空作者是位整天忙碌的自由职业者，无暇享受生活。冥想让他对未来没那么焦虑了。30.B我没有片刻时间去享受每天的生活。31.C我走了很长的路，却很少关注飞鸟与鲜花。32.D因此，我下定决心报名参加冥想课。33.A冥想很简单，我很快就学会了，却没那么轻松。34.B我们被要求坐直，手放在膝盖上，闭上眼睛，并把注意力集中在呼吸上。35.D我仅坚持了约30秒就出现了其他想法。36.C一些想法不停出现在我脑海里，我像守门员一样把它们踢出去。37.A我花了几个星期的时间才意识到，这种关注呼吸，失去关注，然后恢复到关注呼吸的循环是一种锻炼形式。38.D39.A这像我每天做的俯卧撑。40.℃只不过我不是在锻炼手臂，而是在锻炼我的大脑，让它变得更加专注。41.A冥想不能解决我的所有问题，但它能帮助我更好地解决问题。42.B我也了解到经常使我紧张的不是生活中的事情，而是我对事情的反应。43.D44.A我从冥想中学到的智慧是难以描述的。45.C我仍然在忙于我的工作。46.B但是如果我的作品被一位编辑拒绝的时候，我不大可能会去质疑我的能力。47.C48.B我可以吃得更慢，因此我吃得更少。49.D我也更快乐更静了。·3·【22新教材老高考·zC.英语·参考答案一YLB一选择性必修第四册一QG】

第八套试题答案听力1~5 CABCA 6~10 BCACB 11~15 CAACA 16~20 BABAB阅读理解本文介绍了四本适合各年龄段孩子阅读的最佳的、有关科学的书。2l.D根据Diary of a Time Traveler by David Long部分的第1、2句可知，教授的目的是激发Augustus学历史的兴趣。22.A根据Galapagos George by Jean George部分的第1句可知，Jean George是纽伯瑞儿童文学奖的获得者。23.B根据Galapagos George by Jean George部分的第1句和Little Changes by Tiffany Taylor部分的第3句可知，这两本书都提到生物进化。B作者小时候一直以为父亲是个严厉、苛刻的人，直到最近的Tucson之行，她才看到父亲和善的一面。24.C根据文章第2段第3句可知，作者小时候不喜欢父亲是因为父亲对她要求太高。25.D根据第2段最后一句可知，作者每次和父亲一起外出度周末，她都非常紧张。26.C根据第3段的描述可知，Tucson之行后，作者觉得父亲其实很温和、友善。27.B最近的Tucson之行改变了作者小时候对父亲的印象，她现在发现父亲是一个很友善的人，所以作者感到她有了一个新朋友。C本文介绍了亲近自然有益于人体健康。28.A通读第1段可知，经常进行户外活动的人更健康。29.B根据第2段第2句可知，(Caoimhe Twohig-Bennett分析了自然对不同人的影响的研究结果，得出了亲近自然有益于健康的结论。30.C根据第4段最后一句可知，Caoimhe Twohig-Bennett希望政府打造更多绿色空间。31.D根据最后一段可知，作者强调了人们应该以正确的方式对待自然。D本文介绍了万圣节的由来以及该节日产生的影响。32.C根据第1段第1、2句可知，加拿大人喜欢万圣节是因为它给人们提供团聚的机会。33.C根据第2段第2句可知，万圣节为个人社交能力的发展提供了一定的空间。34.B根据最后一段第2句可知，万圣节在某种程度上回归到了它的本质一以社区为中心的活动。35.D文章主要介绍了万圣节的由来以及影响，所以文章可能来自文化类杂志。补全短文36~40 CGAED完形填空作者认为我们应该更注重寻找内心直实的快乐4l.D根据下文ads promising it to be“Best of the Best'”可知，广告封面上的女性应该是有魅力的。42.A不幸的是，整篇文章没有提供任何关于如何过好生活的建议，而是集中在各种昂贵的护理上。43.A44.B根据上文可知，作者对于这篇文章的内容表示怀疑，觉得这是不可能的事情。45.D根据上下文可知，作者很少化妆，只是买一些护肤品和戴一两件首饰。46.B47.C作者的丈夫不仅喜欢她的这种方式，而且他与作者的方式是一样的。·29·【22新教材老高考.DY·英语·参考答案一R一选择性必修第四册一Y)

7期参考答案第1版7.joke8.terrible4.two chess sets7.Russians8.s0特别关注9.clear10.serious5.from time to time9.higher10.Unluckily读有所思II.1.helpful2.thicker中考真题篇第4版1.The panda is my favourite animal./..3.miles4.accepted1-5 BCBAC6-10AABAC完形填空2.They are endangered and most of them5.chopsticks6.was snowing完形篇1-5 CBACD6-10 DABCDlive in Sichuan,Shaanxi and Gansu./...7.immediately8.broken悟有所行1-5 ACDBD6-10 CABAD任务型阅读9.skating10.tastesa.1-4 BDCA11-15 BCABD1.He read a book about the plants inb.1.largest and oldest 2.120 millionⅢ.l.windy2.sandwiches阅读篇Xinjiang and became interested in plants.3.extinct4.in danger3.to keep4.was covering1-5 ABACD2.In19985.River shipping5.training6.medical综合运用篇3.They find special plants,take pictures故事•传承7.months8.dropped9.bravest10.probablyI.1.southwest2.interestedof them and get1.Chonghua's death.短语篇3.finished4.experience2.He forgave them.specimens for study.I.1.keep clear of 2.make sure5.stay6.videos3.Emperor Yao.4.0ver5,000.第2-3版3.lift up4.video games7.although8.traditions5.He hopes people can阶段复(Modules10-12)5.first aid9.surprise10.differences本期答案资道码：d365cleamn more about plants关注社信公众号，回复上方单词篇Ⅱ.l.Come onⅡ.1.the2.reported马点击维“资码”and love nature入查码预双对空资理，I.1.wet2.cap3.southeast2.minus twenty degrees3.For4.its4.ice5.shower 6.calm3.at the bottom of5.hottest6.harmful本版主编辛蕊芳责编郭星字本报地址山西省太原市小店区龙兴街190号邮政编码030032联系电话0351-27776792777680（发行中心）订阅查询0351-27776482777649激光排版本报激光照排中心印刷晋中牙发区晋臻印业有限公司（晋中开发区汇通产业园区南六堡段恒易通公司院内）订阅方式为方便订阅订户可通过当地发行工作站订购订阅时请核验其“授权书”“工作证”或直接向本报发行中心咨询以防假冒盗版行为第17期第5、6版参考答案1-5 BFDAC6-10BBABB11-15 BCBAC⊙主题：人与自然之自然生态One possible version:16-20 ABCCB21-25 BACDD26-30 ABBDC⊙子主题：季节与生活My favourite season31-35 ABBCD36-40 DCCBA41-45 DACBD⊙人称：第一人称Hello,everybody.Today I want to share with you my46-50 BDCAB51-55 CGBAF56.toysO时态：一般现在时fayourite season.My favourite season is spring.57.training58.warned59.are dropping⊙行文布局：In spring,the temperature is not too high or too low.It's60.rainy61.sizes62.smallest①引出话题，说明自己最喜欢哪个季节：usually warm and sunny.Everything grows in nature.Trees turn63.how64.them65.The②介绍喜欢这个季节的原因、这个季节的特征以及在这个季green.Flowers of different colours make the world beautiful.66.but67.creating68.probably节可以做什么事：At the weekend I always go out with my69.with70.will happen③演讲稿结尾。friends to do some outdoor activities.Sometimes we fly kites when it is windy71.Me neither72.minus twenty degreesO必备词语与句型：We shout aloud and feel very excited.On73.Keep clear of74.at the bottom ofoutdoor activitiesgo on a tripgo boatingsunny days,we usually go on a trip to a hill苹英绿》■贵青《学英请》可司号75.from time to time 76-80 DCBAEEverything grows in nature.or go boating on the lake.It is great fun.本期答案资潭码：td18cd【写作指导】Sometimes we fly kites when it is windyThat's the best part of spring.本篇写作要求写一篇演讲稿介绍自己最喜爱的季节。In spring,the temperature is not too high or too low.That's all.Thanks for listening.

5.Many visitors go to the Great Wall to learn第一节about Chinese culture/'kAltfa(r)/and history.二节6.Jane is only 22 but she is already a greatcomposer /kam'paoza(r)/.7.-Where did you go yesterday,Jack?I went to an art show.There are lots of2hateamazing /'merzin/artworks.The boy hates taking medicine.8.The singer got the idea about her new songfrom a folk /faok/song.总厚第一节节9.Most young people think classical/'klaesikl/music is boring but I don't think so.10.Peter is really a wonder /'wanda(r)/!I3walk,yesterdaywould never have thought of doing thatThe man walked the dog yesterday.度第Ⅱ.根据句意及括号中所给的提示完成句子。一节1.Do you know how to become an opera节singer(sing)?2.When the bell rang,students went back totheir classrooms quickly(quick).what,lazy3.As a musician(music),Larry knows howto play the piano well.What a lazy boy!4.Our Chinese teacher once wrote (write)a song to show his love for us.gg第一节第5.After listening to the first few notes (note),he just knew the name of the song.节6.When I got my first bike,my fathertaught (teach)me how to ride it.7.-From whom did you borrow the doll?be fond of-Oh,from my brother.He lent (lend)hisdoll to me this morning.The man is fond of climbing mountains.8.-Our school is going to host a music festivalHow exciting (excite)!®第I.根据句意及音标提示完成句子。第1.Everyone in the soccer team was serious9.Lily studied so carefully (careful)that she/'siarias/before the match began.didn't hear her mother come in.2.If you want to play the violin vara'ln/well,节10.George pressed (press)his nose against theyou need to practice a lot.window to make his daughter laugh.3.She lay back and enjoyed the peace /pi:s/of thesummer evening.4.The boy is learning to play the drums/dramz/from the teacher.

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17:03gl令☐82%W:How can I find out about families who take in students?M:There's a list at the Student Union building on campus.The people at the Student Union should beable to help you find a family to stay with.2/2(Text 8)W:Hello,Mr.Thompson.Miss Lennon said you wanted to speak to me.M:Yes,Sarah.And your work is suffering.Is something on your mind?W:Yes,I do feel a little bit sadM:Why is that?Is the schoolwork too hard for you or is there a problem at home?W:No,no...It's Tony.M:Ah,boyfriend trouble.W:Tony was my cat.He was lost last week.He was my best friend.M:Oh,I'm sorry to hear that.I know how that feels-and getting a new cat doesn't always helpW:I couldn't do that.M:Sarah,I'm going to give you a little book to read.It's called Coping with Loss,and it might helpyou deal with your feelings.W:OK,and I will try to focus on my lessons.(Text 9)M:I'm standing here in the small village of Point Pleasant.As you can see,the water level is at fivefeet,and it's rushing through the streets like a river.Excuse me,Madam?What is your name?W:Kelly Thompson.M:Can you tell us what happened to you?W:The storm hit us two days ago.I put boards on the windows and stayed inside,but the rain wouldn'tstop.When the water started coming in the house,I knew I had to get out.M:So,what did you do?W:I tried to drive my car,but it had floated away.My only choice was to swim to the nearest tallbuilding.Once I got there,I ran up the stairs to the roof.M:So how were you rescued?W:By helicopter,a plane flying very low.They dropped us here at this school and have given usblankets and food.M:What an amazing story!Do you have any advice for people living in areas where the storm will hitnext?W:Yes.Get out now.Do not try staying at home.It's too dangerousM:Thank you,Kelly.If anyone would like to volunteer for rescue efforts or donate money,please callthe number at the bottom of your screen.(Text 10)There is no doubt that Australia is one of the world's greatest treasures,yet most of us would probablyrather travel to North America,Europe,or Asia.Perhaps the main reason why people don't visit Australia isbecause they are scared of its many deadly animals.After all,Australia is home to sharks and some of theworld's most poisonous spiders and snakes.Say what you will,but you can't say Australia is boring!Sotoday,why don't we take a look at some of the country's more positive aspects?Australia is a multiculturalcountry full of kind and helpful people.They love to laugh and are very welcoming to visitors.Australiaalso has a very warm climate.In fact,the entire middle of the country is a desert.So all the big cities arespread around the coastal areas where it is cooler.Surfing is a hugely popular activity there.MostAustralian children start the popular water sport once they can walk,and long before they learn how to ridea bike.This "beach life"is a big part of the Australian lifestyle,which explains why Australians alwaysseem so relaxed and carefree.It's true that Australia is mostly flat and lacks the mountains and greengrasslands compared with nearby New Zealand.However,what more than makes up for it is its uniqueanimals,friendly people,and beautiful beaches.

沙】CORNERI.1.flows2.conclusion3.novelist4.circumstancesII.1.which2.whose3.where4.when上期参考答案5.which6.which7.who洲PART 3第1版MI.1.gradually 2.infer 3.encounterIEME READING4.patentl.1.c2.b3.d4.aelf-check】1-3 FTT【Project】,略语言知识应用篇第2版1.diseases2.whom 3.getting4.have receivedMREADING ACTIVITIES5.in6.to use7.and8.widelyWThink and discuss略9.compare10.scientific(TeUnderstand the text选择性必修一UNIT1I.1.Ningbo,China2.30 December 19303.Peking University Medical School听力材料及参考答案M:4.the China Academy of Traditional Chinese听力材料Medicine(Text 1)5.a new treatment for malariaM:Have you finished that book we're studying in6.traditional botanical treatments for the diseaseour literature class yet?7.Nobel PrizeW:Yes.Last night,I stayed up late because IW:II.caegbdifhcouldn't stop reading the last few pages.I reallyIII.1-4 BCDAlike the books written by Mark Twain.M:Write a summary(Text 2)Tu Youyou,co-winner of the 2015 Nobel Prize forW:There's a TV program about the great ChinesePhysiology or Medicine,is known as the discoverer ofeducator Confucius this afternoon.It might beW:artemisinin,a medicine that has saved hundreds ofuseful for your study,Tim.thousands of lives and improved the health of millions.M:Really?What time will it be on?I've gotBorn in Ningbo,China in 1930,after graduating frombasketball practice at 6:00:Peking University Medical School in 1955,she workedW:It's at 5:00.It's only half an hour longat the China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine(Text 3)in Beijing before joining a team formed by the ChineseW:The opening of the new photo show was great.IWgovernment to discover a new treatment for malaria inthought you said you were coming-to meet theM:1967.Becoming the head of the project in 1969,shefamous artist.reviewed ancient Chinese medical texts,finding oneM:Oh,no.That was last weekend?M:mentioning wormwood extract to treat a fever.After(Text 4)many trials and failures,an effective treatment,M:We have to write a blog about someone weartemisinin,was obtained,which the team tested onadmire.I've never done anything like this,so Ithemselves to make sure it was safe.Later,tests ondon't know how formal the language should be.W:malaria patients proved successful.According to TuCan you help me?M:Youyou,artemisinin's success was a team effort andW:OK.Let me give you a website that can help youW:proved the value of traditional Chinese medicine.(Text 5)Critical thinking略W:Have you heard of Steve Martin?He hasLEXICAL CHUNKSappeared in many comedies.1.一个有奉献精神和耐心的科学家M:3.commit oneself to doM:Of course.But he is more than just an actor.He'salso a writer,who has written several books.6.make great contributions to society7.做出重大发现(Text 6)W:9.陷入僵局11.得出结论W:So Nick,I've never been to America.Can you13.lead to15.经得起磨损tell me about any famous people who live there?19.come to powerM:Well,one famous person,his name is Larry PageM:第3版LANGUAGE LEARNINGHe founded a famous company-Google,the语言知识学篇Internet search giant.I'm sure you know aboutW:PART1it!Larry received his PhD degree from StanfordM:I.1.distinct2.obtain3.analyseUniversity.And his parents are both computerW:4.liquid;boilscientists.II.1.apparently5.botanicalIII.1.insist on2.mostlyW:Oh,I see.He reminds me of a person from my2.a vital part3.committedcountry.He is the founder of Baidu,a search(Tex3.acknowledge defeat4.committed herself toengine company in China.5.with the objective ofM:Oh,I've read about himPakisPART 2(Text 7)famcM:Person Number One.This person is from Hongfor。报社地址：山西省太原市晋阳街202号英语周报社●印刷：武汉彩集实业有限公司（武汉市汉南区华模工业园22栋1号）●邮编：030006●订：本报发行部

fitness,and one was even dedicated to games and puzzles.Montreal,who discovered why.In his research published in Science,he confirms a28.Why is the train designed?theory from the 1980s through the study of the 13-lined ground squirrel,a commonA.To treat people with mental problems.species from North America.According to the theory,the gut ()microbes fromB.To relieve people of stress.these cute hibernators have a very special ability.They can recycle the nitrogenC.To transport passengers to attractions.present in urea and reuse it to build new proteins.This way,when squirrels wake upD.To conduct unique research.from hibernation,they are in good shape to cope with the intense physical activity29.What does Kate McFerran say about train travel?that a successful reproduction demands.A.It can train people's creativity.B.It can allow people to master a skill.Regan's findings could have a meaningful impact on the future of space travel,C.It can give people much happiness.D.It can strengthen people's friendshipconsidering that crew members tend to weaken muscle because muscle proteins are30.What can customers do on this special train trip?suppressed during spaceflight.According to the researcher,if astronauts manage toA.Read newspapersB.Hold a dinner party.copy mechanisms of ground squirrels,they will be able to prevent muscle loss,aC.Look at smartphones.D.Enjoy some games.common issue among space travelers.Regan states that there's still a lot of work to do to make these applications safe31.What is the best title for the text?A.Board the“Wellness'”TrainB.Learn Relaxation Activitiesand effective for humans.However,"one thing I find encouraging is that a studyC.Research on Train TravelD.Relax Yourself by Travelingfrom the early 1990s provided some evidence that humans are capable of recyclingDsmall amounts of urea nitrogen via this same process."What would you say if you had to fast for a whole season?It sounds like an32.What does the underlined word "fast"in Paragraph 1 mean?impossible challenge for humans,but ground squirrels,however,achieve this veryA.Keep sleeping.B.Lack food.C.Stop eating.D.Stay indoorssuccessfully every winter.A new discovery has revealed why,and the finding can33.What may keep ground squirrels healthy after hibernation according to Regan'sreally help astronauts with their physical health during long missions.theory?Long periods of inactivity are known to lead to muscle weakness in most animalA.Their proteins.B.A long sleep.species.But for hibernating (animals,things happen in a different way.NotC.Urea nitrogen.D.The gut microbes.only can they survive without eating,but they also use minimal levels of energy34.What often happens to astronauts in space travel?while preserving their muscle mass and function during and after the whole winter.A.They fail to fly normally.B.They are lacking of energy.It was Matthew Regan,an animal physiologist from the University ofC.Their muscle is weakening.D.Their proteins are missing.英语试题（二）第9页（共16页）英语试题（二）第10页（共16页）

本文是记叙文。在中国实的经历不仅增强了“我”的研究能力，而且还让“我”交到了好朋友。61.leaving。考查动词-ing形式。when.for Nanning作状语，且I与设空处之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，应用动词-ing形式。62.where。.考查关系词。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，对Guangxi Veterinary ResearchInstitute补充说明，且设空处在定语从句中作地点状语，故填where。63.In。考查固定搭配。in addition to意为“除…之外”，且设空处位于句首，故填In。64.It。考查it的用法。It is difficult to do sth意为“做某事困难”；it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式。65.s0。考查固定搭配。根据句意可知，“我”学了一些汉语单词和短语，那些研究人员也提高了他们的英语水，这样一来每个人都能有效沟通，故用so that引导结果状语从句。66.effectively。考查副词。设空处修饰动词communicate,应用副词。67.has improved。考查现在完成时。根据时间状语Over the last few weeks可知，本句应用现在完成时。8.more。考查形容词比较级。根据than I can count可知，设空处表示比较级含义，故填more。9.confidence。考查名词。设空处作宾语，应用名词。that引导同位语从句，解释设空处的内容。70.to come。.考查动词不定式。in the years to come是固定短语，意为“在未来几年里，未来”。

2023年高考桂林、崇左市联合模拟芳试英语参考答案及评分标准第一部分1-5 CABCB6-10ACABC11-15BCABA16-20CBABC第二部分21-23BCA24-27DCAB28-31DCBD32-35ADAB36-40CEFDB第三部分41-45 CABDD46-50ACBCB51-55AADCD56-60CBBAD61.to date62.when63.has stood64.their65.waiting66.Despite67.innovation68.creative69.simply70.whether第四部分第一节Yuan Longping is known for the father of hybrid rice.He devotes his life to make not only Chinaasmakingbut also the world free from hunger.He has two dreams.One is to enjoy the cool under the rice tree.The other is that his hybrid rice can be grown global.But turning dreams into reality are hard togloballyachieve,what takes a lot of time and efforts.For me,my dream is to be A English teacher.I wish towhichanspread these story of some Chinese heroes to the world.And I wish my students can value food or bestoriesandgrateful to Yuan Longping as well.In order to make my dream came true,all the things I have to do it iscometo work hard.第四部分第二节For better promotion of our traditional Chinese cultures,our club is in great need of new memberswho have a strong preference for Chinese cultures.Our club,whose name is TCC Club,was founded in2018.Since then,it has been dedicated to traditional Chinese culture promotion and enjoyed constantpopularity among students.As one of the most influential clubs in our school,we have never failed to provide us studentswith many benefits.To begin with,we can give you overall insight into our valuable cultures.Besides,some meaningful activities organized on a regular basis will strengthen your competence in cooperationand management.Most importantly,your circle of friends who share the same interest will also beextended.英语试卷参考答案第1页（共4页）

阅读理解【A篇】本文的语篇类型是应用文，主题语境是人与自然之人与动物。文章是篇科学新闻报道，介绍了利用蚂蟥吸食的脊椎动物血液中的DNA判断这些保护区是否真正有效地保护了当地生物多样性。21.D细节题。根据第二段“In the summer of2016,park rangers in China's AilaoshanNature Reserve went hunting for leeches.”(20l6年夏天，中国哀牢山国家级自然保护区的护林员采集蚂蟥。)可知蚂蟥采集地点。故选D项。22.B细节题。根据文章题目“Leeches(蚂蟥)expose wildlife's whereabouts and may aidconservation efforts”和第一段第一句“DNA extracted from leeches'blood meals lets scientists trackwhere animals stay.”可知，蚂蟥体内保存了其他动物的信息，可以通过检测蚂蟥体内DNA来研究当地的其他物种的分布情况，进而评估自然保护区管理成效。故选B项。23.C文章出处推理判断题。从文章题日下面的时间“APRL6,2022AT9:00AM”和文"Questions or comments on this article?E-mail us at feedback@sciencenews.org I ReprintsFAQ”由此可推断出该文章出现在科学新闻网站。故选C项。【B篇】本文的语篇类型是记叙文，主题语境是人与自我之生活经历。本文介绍了第一个探索格陵兰岛的非洲人，他是如何开始第一次格陵兰岛之行的，以及之后他的生活。24.B细节推理判断题。根据第一段可知，作者1965年第一次到达格林兰岛时是24岁，从“But his arctic journey had actually begun some seven years earlier.”可知，作者真正的北极之旅是七年前开始的。1965-7=1958，故选B项。25.C推理判断题。根据第二段“When I arrived,everyone stopped talking;all werestaring.They didn't know if I was a real person or wearing a mask.Children hid behind theirmothers.Some cried,believing I was a spirit from the mountains..”可知，当Kpomassie刚到的时候，当地人都呆住了，分辨不清他是真人还是戴着面具，由此可推断，他们之前没有见过黑人。故选C项。26.D推理判断题。根据第一段“Immediately,the topic attracted him,and within a yearhe'd run away from home in pursuit of the Arctic.”可知，Kpomassie在读了有关格陵兰岛的书籍之后便离开家乡，前往遥远未知的地方探险。由此可推断，他富有冒险精神。根据第三段"Over the next 18 months,Greenland's first African learned to adapt himself quickly to the newenvironment.”可知，在一年半的时间内Kpomassie很快适应了新生活，因此可推断，他适应能力很强。故选D项。27.A主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文讲述了Teté-Michel Kpomassie作为第一个探索格陵兰岛的非洲人的经历。故选A项。【C篇】本文是说明文，主题语境是人与社会之阅读惯。年轻人大量使用数字台来阅读、写作和评论文学作品。一项以数字阅读台Wattpad为例的研究发现，根据作品属于青春文学还是经典文学，年轻读者的阅读行为会大有不同。28.D细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“For the first time,a team of researchers fromSwitzerland and Italy have researched the use of the online platform Wattpad in greater detail.知，来自瑞士和意大利的一组研究人员首次对数字阅读台Wattpad的使用进行了更详细的研究。故选D项。梧州市2023届高三第三次模拟测试·英语·参考答案第2页（共6页）

本期参考范文书面表达专项练（二）591One possible version:One possible version:One possible version:Dear Tom,Dear Emily,Hello,everyone!My topic today is "Humour isMy article has been published in an English magazineKnowing that you are eager to improve your flexibility,essential in our life".As we know,life is not easy forI am writing to express my sincere gratitude to you forI would like to recommend Tai Chi to you.everyone and we need to have a positive attitude towardsyour guidance.Tai Chi is considered as a form of Chinese kung fu.it.So we badly need humour and there are variousAs a literature lover,I have been practicing writingThere are a lot of health benefits of practicing it.It canreasons.since my childhood and trying every possible means to boost your body coordination apart from improving yourFirstly,humour can help us relieve pressure.improve my writing skills.Last month,I wrote an article flexibility.More importantly,it can relieve stress andSecondly,a humorous person usually looks attractive,about my hometown.I asked you to help me revise it.cheer you up when you feel down.You can find somewhich contributes to building a close relationship withFollowing your advice,I polished my article and sent it tovideos on the Internet that teach you how to practice Taiothers.Thirdly,humour can keep us in high spirits,which an English magazine.Last week,I learned that my articleChi.In the park,you can see many people practicing itwill benefit our mental and physical health.had been published.I owe my success to your helpevery morning.You can also learn it from them.In a word,it is humour that makes our life colorfulI'd like to invite you to my home for dinner on Sunday.I am sure you will fall in love with Tai Chi whenand worthwhile.As far as I am concerned,we can't liveI hope you can accept my invitation.Lookingyou begin to practice it.落3a meaningful life without humour.That's all.Thank youforward to your early reply.Yours,发for your attention.Yours,LiHua酸LiHua言210One possible version:6One possible version:Dear Peter,改One possible version:Dear Jim,My name is Li Hua.I am writing to ask you to helpLast Sunday,the students'union in our schoolA variety of optional courses are offered this term,me in search of a warm-hearted student.organized a visit to the disabled children rehabilitationamong which Chinese cooking is very popular amongYesterday,I fell over a step on my way to the librarycentre.students.I would like to advise you to choose it.and could hardly move.Just at that moment,a foreignAt 8 am,we got to the centre.On arriving there,The course is taught by a famous chef who has wonstudent came to me.He gave me first aid immediatelywe were given a warm welcome by the children.First many prizes in various cooking competitions.Those whoand then took me to the hospital.But the kind boy left of all,we gave them lots of gifts.Then,we played sometake this course are supposed to gather in the service center.quietly before I could say thanks to him.The boy,Iinteresting games together,and they enjoyed themselvesfrom 4:20 pm to 5:00 pm on Thursday.The chef will teachguess,was in his twenties,of medium build,with curlyvery much.In the end,we told them some inspirationalthe leamners how to cook different types of Chinese cuisine.Iblond hair.I am eager to find him to express my gratitudestories.The children were interested in them and reallyto him.Could you help me find him?think this is a great opportunity for you to learn an importantgot inspired.At about 11:30 am,our activity came to ansurvival skill that will be beneficial to you in future.I would appreciate it if you could give me any kindend.of help.I hope you will have a great time learning ChineseI think this activity is very meaningful.On the onecooking.Yours,hand,we understood disabled children better.On theYours,LiHuaother hand,we developed the friendship with them.Li Hua3>11One possible version:One possible version:One possible version:Recently,the English Interest Group in our schoolDear Tom,Dear Chris,did a survey titled "How you keep in touch with yourI'm sorry to tell you that I cannot watch theThe annual art festival will be held in our sche

全国©0所名校高三单元测试示范卷教学第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）札记第一节（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项When in need of some guidance,most people immediately look for an expert on the topic.41 however,researchers with the Association for Psychological Science find that many expertsdon't actually give better advice than others-they just give more of it."Skillful 42 and skillful teaching are not always the same thing,so we shouldn't 43 thebest performers to necessarily be the best teachers as well,"says lead study author David Levari."People seem to 44 quantity for quality.Our studies suggest that 45 in some instances,people may overvalue advice from 46 performers.An experiment featured 2,085 people randomly 47 to either an advice or a no-advice group.After 48 a single round of the game of Word Scramble,participants in the advice group 49advice from a random advisor and then played five more 50.Meanwhile,the no-advice groupjust played six rounds without any 51.People in the advice group did 52 perform better after getting some guidance,and their per-formances tended to 53 round by round.However,on average,researchers say the advicecoming from the best players was not any more 54 than others'suggestions."In our experiments,people given advice by top performers thought that it helped them more,but it is not always the 55.Surprisingly,they thought this even though they didn't know any-thing about the people who wrote their advice,"Levari explains.41.A.LuckilyB.SurprisinglyC.FurthermoreD.Besides42.A.searchB.controlC.applicationD.performance43.A.allowB.expectC.forceD.encourage44.A.blameB.exchangeC.mistakeD.excuse45.A.at mostB.at lastC.at firstD.at least46.A.averageB.topC.poorD.mean47.A.assignedB.opposedC.devotedD.exposed48.A.writingB.designingC.playingD.losing49.A.sentB.refusedC.changedD.received50.A.roundsB.groupsC.gamesD.sports51.A.rewardsB.suggestionsC.punishmentD.hesitation52.A.hardlyB.indeedC.everD.instead53.A.decreaseB.combineC.achieveD.improve54.A.helpfulB.hopefulC.carefulD.graceful55.A.truthB.caseC.methodD.idea【答案与解析】专家的意见并不总是对的，我们不必迷信专家。41.B令人奇怪的是，研究者发现很多专家的意见并不比其他人的意见更好一专家只是给出了更多的建议。42.D“精彩的表现和良好的教学并不总是同一件事，因此我们不应该期待最佳表现者同时也是最好的老师。”43.B44.C“人们好像错把数量当成了质量。”45.D“我们的研究表明，至少在某些例子中，人们可能高估了最佳表现者的建议。”46.B47.A在一个实验中，2085名参与者被随机安排到一个有专家建议的组和一个无建议的组48.C完成一轮单词游戏后，有专家建议的组收到一名专家的建议后再玩五轮单词游戏。23(24.G3DY(新高考)·英语-R-必考-G DONG】

W:Of course not.(Text 6)M:Room two twenty is smaller than our other rooms,but the price is just one hundred and sixty-five dollars forthe night.W:Does that include use of the pool and the exercise room?M:Of course.It includes the use of all facilities except the tennis courts,which are closed for the winter.W:Okay,I'll take it.I'll just carry my suitcase up and have a quick look at the room,and then I'm going out for abite to eat.I'm starving.(Text 7)M:It was great to actually meet the person that wrote the books I've enjoyed so much.And he asked us a lotabout our opinions of his work.W:I found that as he talked,it made all the references in his stories much clearer.He's certainly had variedexperiences-becoming a doctor,going climbing in the Andes...M:You're right.For me,that's the attraction of the stories-they've got such a wide range of settings.Younever get bored.W:I don't know.There have been a couple I couldn't get into.M:Well,they all make some sense to me after what he said.(Text 8)W:Have you heard about the apartment in Curry Grove that I've been assigned to design?It turns out that it willtake a lot more time than originally planned.Would you be able to help me out?M:Unfortunately,I'm not going to be able to.I'm supposed to train our new workers over the next two weeks,soI am not going to have time to do anything else.You can't do it all on your own?W:I probably can,but it is a very important project.I'm hoping to get it done by the deadline for sure.M:Then,you should tell Mr.Cortez and see if you can get help from him.He's a very generous co-worker,so Ithink he would be happy to help you a bit if you can't do it on your own.(Text 9)W:Good morning.Welcome to Science World.Today we're talking about direction.Some people never get lost,while others need a GPS just to find their way to the store!And,of course,a GPS is not always accurateM:Definitely.Everyone has a story about following a GPS route and ending up in the middle of a field!But,whyare some people so much better at finding their way than others?Are they born with that skill?W:Not necessarily.Scientists say people who have a good sense of direction probably pay more attention towhat's around them.They notice more details.A lot of people don't pay attention at all.If you're thinkingabout something else while you're walking,of course you're more likely to get lost.M:Hmm.I guess we do use things we see to help us find places.I remember there was a tree at the corner of astreet where my friend lived.One day,the tree was gone,and I couldn't find the street.I was completely lost!I was using the tree as a visual clue,even though I didn't know it.W:Yes,I've experienced something similar to that.Well,one day...(Text 10)M:Hello everyone.My name is Alan.On behalf of Medi Travel I'd like to welcome you all to Ibiza,where fun isas certain as debt and taxes.I am pretty sure you are going to enjoy your stay here in Ibiza.This is a beautiful,exciting city where you can relax and sit by the beach or enjoy some of the best clubs in Europe.You canwalk into town and enjoy the local shops and restaurants or take a moonlit walk along the water if you prefer4

第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟：听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.What will Jenny do at 10 o'clock this morning?A.Attend a lectureB.Catch a bus.C.Pick up a friend.7.How does Helen usually go to school?A.By bus.B.By bike.C.On foot.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.How often does the color magazine come out?A.Once a week.B.Twice a month.C.Once a month.9.What does the color magazine focus on?A.Features.B.News.C.Sports.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Why was the woman thankful to the man?A.He booked the tickets in time.B.He recommended a good film.C.He cooked her a delicious meal.11.What does the woman like about the film?A.The main actress.B.The costume.C.The sound effects.12.What does the man think of the music?A.It's noisy.B.It's scary.C.It's suitable所第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.What's the probable relationship between the speakers?A.Workmates.B.A couple.C.Mom and son.14.What kind of apartment does the woman want?A.One with three rooms.B.One in the city center.C.One near a bus stop.15.What do the speakers usually do in the morning?A.Shopping online.B.Cycling in the park.C.Running outside.16.How will the speakers get more information about houses?A.From their friend.B.From the newspaper.C.From the Internet.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。.17.Who is the report intended for?A.Locals.B.Travelers.C.Londoners.市高一英语第2页（共10页)

基础题与中考新考法·九年级·全一册·英语reason原因；rule规则；idea想法。根据上文4.I am proud of myself to make much progress in"To our surprise,Mary chose chocolate in thestudying.game.”可知大家感到惊讶，所以要询问原5.Be careful about how to use these sayings因。故选B。6.She made a decision to learn something new to6.B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。progress进make her life more interesting.步；difficulty困难；point点；trust信任。根据写作迁移训练下文“so I want one for my sister'”可知此处指【高分范文】的是很难买到。故选B。My Changes7.B【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。busier更Looking back at the past three years,there忙碌的；happier更幸福的；stronger更强壮are many changes in different areas of my life的；worse更坏的。根据上文“I've never hadOn the one hand,I used to stay up late butchocolate and my family has 6 in buyingnow I think it's important to have a good rest.one,so I want one for my sister.”及空后的What's more,I'm gradually fond of sports such as“and more peaceful life than Mary”可知此处running and playing football,so I always spend指的是作者感到自己的生活比May的要更time exercising on the playground.On the other幸福。故选B。hand,I was too lazy to finish my homework on8.C9.B10.Btime in the past,but now I am proud of myself to4拓展设问make much progress in studying,especially in1.C2.BEnglish.3.C【解析】句子排序题。题干意为：下列事In a word,progress makes me happy and I件的正确顺序是什么？根据文章内容可知really believe my life will be better and better作者首先加入了俱乐部，接着和一个非洲女教材词句默写孩交了朋友，后来他们玩游戏，最后作者为玛丽买了铅笔。故选C。1.pride 2.introduction 3.exam/examination4.D【解析】写作意图题。题干意为：作者写4.speech 5.background 6.ton 7.ant这篇文章是为了0根据文章最后8.insect 9.fail 10.require 11.deal;dealt一段中的倒数第二、三句可知作者写这篇文12.dare 13.proud 14.silent 15.helpful章的目的是表达对父母和祖国的爱和感激。16.private 17.humorous 18.absent故选D。19.British 20.seldom 21.exactly第6课时22.interview 23.influence 24.guardSection B 3a~3b25.public 26.score 27.general 28.Asian教材词句促写作29.European 30.African 31.take up佳作好句仿写32.deal with 33.take care of 34.take pride1.I spent a long time developing the good habit ofin 35.in public 36.in person 37.at leastreading every day.38.from time to time 39.be proud of2.I used to stay up late but now I think it's40.be afraid of 41.be nervous ofimportant to have a good rest.3.The reason why I read newspapers is that I want单元检测to improve my reading skills.I.【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要20万唯九年级QQ交流群：551549843

第5期练题参考答案第2版READING ACTIVITIESActivity1略Activity 21.accommodation2.unique3.amazed4.fit5.four6.Admiring7.countryside8.(Uros)familyActivity 31.unique2.amazing3.exact4.excellent5.beautifulActivity 41.travel by boat,enjoy the unique plants and animals,explore the rainforest2.explore the ancient city,walk on amazing paths through the Andes Mountains3.visit the museums,admire the architecture,enjoy the excellent local food,goshopping,enjoy the unique Spanish and local Indian culture,stay in a local hotel4.enjoy the beautiful countryside,drive along the new highway,stay with a localUros familyLEXICAL CHUNKS1.获得护照2.apply for a visa

Temples have fewer proprietary(品牌专卖的)parts and so are serviceable in any bike shop.Stylishas they may be,the VanMoofs and the Cowboys can be a bit more complex to get back-up andservice.The money-no-object optionRiese Muller Nevo4 GT Vario GXPrice:f5,380Weight:28.4kgRange:up to 93 milesThis is a prime example of the attention to detail delivering a high-quality experience infunctionality,comfort and practicality-if you can afford it.It has the capacity to handle 25kg ofluggage in a pannier,powerful road lights and a beautifully smooth motor.21.What is the advantage of the Temples over other stylish ebike brands?A.They are more lightweight.B.They have more functions.C.They have easier access to service.D.They are more comfortable.22.Which ebike will a consumer probably choose,who cares most about an excellent experience?A.Carbo Model X.B.The VanMoofs and the Cowboys.C.Temple Cycles Classic.D.Riese Muller Nevo4 GT Vario GX.23.Where is the text probably taken from?A.An online post.B.A magazine column.C.A market research report.D.An official document.8Having spent more than a decade on the dance floor,ROME-Niccolo Filippi,a 23-year-oldItalian dance performer,recently decided to explore Chinese culture and its traditional dance formsand believes that this experience will not only boost his career,but also broaden his horizonsbeyond the world of dance.His interest in diversifying his skills grew after he stumbled upon a short video of traditionalChinese-styled dance on YouTube."I saw it as an art that combines tradition and modernity,whichwas mostly the reason why I liked it,"says Filippi.Ever since,he has been closely following Chinese dance performers and watching numerousvideos to learn more about the traditional style that he admires."I prefer the traditional stylebecause of its light movements.It also reflects my personality with elegance,"he adds.Filippi's chance came when he was invited to perform for a Chinese New Year celebration in thecentral Italian city of Florence.He has since fully committed himself to the art form,learning severalpieces and putting his newfound passion into practice."The biggest difference that I found (compared to other disciplines)is the change of mood andemotional expressions among dances,"says Filippi,adding that he needed to shift from thedynamic moves of hip-hop to the graceful and fluid movements of Chinese dance.Despite variousobstacles,Filippi's efforts have not gone unnoticed.Two of his friends shared videos of hisperformances on social media,and the response was overwhelming.One video garnered 500,000views,while the other received 200,000 views.Filippi believes that learning about different cultures is priceless,and he sees it as a means ofpersonal growth."I like to think of a person as a book,"he says."Embracing different traditionsand cultures,such as Chinese culture and many others,is like adding new chapters to my book,making it more diverse and wonderful."24.What is the main reason why Filippi falls in love with traditional Chinese dance?A.Its potential to boost his career.B.Its mix of traditional and modern elements.C.Its graceful and light movements.D.Its true reflection of his elegant personality.25.How does the author illustrate the popularity of Filippi's videos?A.By listing numbers.B.By giving an example.C.By sharing a story.D.By making a comparison.3

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第Ⅱ卷（非选择题共54分）D.小灯泡的瞬时功率时刻在变化，通过小灯泡的电流、电压的有效值的乘积三、实验探究题：本题共2小题，共16分。将符合题意的内容填写在题目中的横线是定值上或按题目要求作答。(3)在发电机启动阶段，当摇动手柄的转速加倍时，小灯泡的功率变为原来的11.(7分)某物理小组的同学设计了用气体放电管探究交变电流的“四值”的实验。当倍。气体放电管两电极间的电压超过5003V时，它就会放电而发光，在它发光的情四、计算题：本题共3小题，共38分。解答应写出必要的文字说明、方程式和重要况下逐渐降低电压，当电压降到500V时气体放电管停止发光。气体放电管两电的演算步骤，只写出最后答案的不能得分。有数值计算的题，答案中必须明确您极不分正负。现有一正弦式交流电源，输出电压的峰值为1000V,频率为502。写出数值和单位。(1)该交流电压的瞬时值表达式为U=13.(8分)如图所示，一半径r=4cm的圆形线圈共n=50匝，在磁感应强度大小B(2)若用该正弦式交变电流给上述气体放电管供电，则在一小时内，气体放电管一是T的匀强磁场中，绕垂直于磁场方向的中心轴线00以。=10xrd/s的角实际发光的时间为速度匀速转动，从线圈转至与磁场方向行（图中位置）时开始计时。12.(9分)某实验小组用手摇式交流发电机研究交变电流的产生。现有一台教学用(1)求线图转动时产生的感应电动势的最大值。的手摇式交流发电机如图所示，当缓慢摇动大皮带轮的手柄时，连接在发电机(2)经多长时间，线圈第一次处于中性面？上的小灯泡就会一闪一闪地发光。已知大皮带轮的半径为R,小皮带轮的半径为r,摇动手柄的角速度为，且摇动过程中皮带不打滑，请将下列实验的有关内容补充完整。线(1)发电机产生的交变电流的频率为,小灯泡闪烁的频率为(用题中所给的字母表示)(2)关于小灯泡的瞬时功率，下列说法正确的是A小灯泡的瞬时功率等于通过小灯泡的电流、电压的有效值的乘积B小灯泡的瞬时功率大于通过小灯泡的电流、电压的有效值的乘积C,小灯泡的瞬时功率小于通过小灯泡的电流、电压的有效值的乘积奥61之一【24新教材·DY·物理（八）一R一选择性必修第二册一QCA·Y】62【24新辙材·DY·物理（八）一R一选择性必修第二册-QGA·Y】

a.取健康小鼠120只，随机分为正常组、模型组、磷酸奥司他韦组和K组。b.除正常组外，其余组均用等量IAV滴鼻感染。感染当天开始灌胃给药，连续四天。c.第5天每组取10只小鼠并解剖，检测并统计肺组织的病毒量和炎症细胞因子含量。d.在相同且适宜条件下，观察并统计感染后2周内动物的死亡情况。结果如下表所示。序组别病毒量（个/ml)IL-6 (pg/ml)TNF-a (pg/ml)死亡率(%)号1正常组01800022002模型组2.0×10821000530903磷酸奥司他韦组1.1×1017500210154K组1.3×1091200031035注：IL-6和TNF-a是两种典型炎症细胞因子，①实验中的对照组是(填序号)。步骤b中正常组和模型组的灌胃处理是：0②本实验的结论是③炎症细胞因子可通过NF-KB等信号通路实现免疫调节功能。NF-KB蛋白和TAK1蛋白磷酸化水提高是N℉-KB信号通路活化的标志。研究表明，与磷酸奥司他韦相比，化合物K能通过影响NF-KB信号通路发挥治疗作用。请设计实验证明这一结论，写出实验方案。（备选材料：健康小鼠和肺炎模型小鼠。）19.我国种植的水稻有籼稻和粳稻，籼稻广泛种植于南方，粳稻广泛种植于北方。选育籼粳杂交稻是南方水稻产业调整的重要措施。水稻单株产量主要由单株穗数、穗粒数和千粒重决定。Gla基因（位于细胞核）通过编码细胞分裂素氧化酶，降低细胞分裂素含量，减少水稻枝梗，进而导致穗粒数减少。研究发现H品种籼稻的G1a基因突变后能显著增加穗粒数，提高产量。目前，突变的Gla基因广泛应用在籼稻上，但对粳稻的影响还未知，研究人员对此开展研究。研究过程如下图所示，突变的Gnla基因对粳稻8号的产量影响如下表所示。粳稻8号×H品种纯合籼稻F1X粳稻8号F,X粳稻8号F3×粳稻8号注：每代均用突变的Gm1a基因特异性片段进行检测并选F4自交三代择阳性植株继续实验。图9次枝梗花二次枝梗花组别单株穗数次枝梗数二次枝梗数数千粒重/g数突变型8.1613.0671.5947.49151.3127.06野生型11.5012.1671.5131.7398.1626.58回答下列问题(1)H品种籼稻的Gnla基因突变后，促进水稻枝梗数增加，从而提高穗粒数。

8.下列物质中只含有极性键的非极性分子是（)A.CO2B.Cl2C.N2H4D.H2O29.下列反应属于加成反应的是()CH和C紫色明无色饱和食盐水A.酸性KMnO溶液B.苯、溴混合物棕色也无色世C铁粉里AgNO,溶液D.Br,的CC,溶液10.某单烯烃与氢气加成后得到的饱和烃如下图所示，该单烯烃（不考虑顺反异构）可能的结构有()CH3-CH-CH2-CH-CH3CH3CH3A.1种B.2种C.3种D.4种11.下列说法正确的是（)A.石墨晶体是一种混合型晶体，兼有共价晶体、分子晶体和金属晶体的特征。B.价层电子排布为3d4s2的元素位于第四周期第ⅧB族C.基态Cr原子的价层电子排布式：3d44s2D.Cu(NH3)4SO4.5H2O晶体中存在离子键，共价键，配位键和氢键等化学键。12.下列说法正确的是（)A.杂化轨道只用于形成ō键B.N2H4分子N原子的杂化方式为spC.NH3的VSEPR模型为三角锥形D.HF分子间氢键可表示为：F一H…FOH OHO OH0C=013.某有机物的结构式为：，该有机物中不存在的官能团是()OHCOOHA·羧基B.酯基C.醛基D.羟基高二化学学科试题第2页（共7页）

15.BC【解析】病原体入侵是需要经过神经一体液一免疫调节网络来维持衡，A错误；一个B细胞通常只针对一种抗原，活化、增殖后只产生一种特异性抗体，B正确；B细胞活化需要抗原和辅助性T细胞传递的两个信号刺激，还需要细胞因子的作用，C正确；通气量减少导致CO2积累，因内环境的调节，血浆pH不会显著下降，D错误。16.B【解析】发酵初期，亚硝酸盐含量升高，主要是由于硝酸盐还原菌大量繁殖，A正确；发酵中期，无氧的环境有利于乳酸菌进行大量繁殖产生大量的乳酸，B错误；发酵后期，乳酸菌数量下降与营养物质的消耗和乳酸的积累都相关，C正确；取食泡菜的时间宜在发酵的中期靠后期，此时的亚硝酸盐含量较低，D正确。三、非选择题（共5大题，共60分。）17.(除标注外，每空2分，共12分)(1)下降(1分)水(1分)线粒体内膜(1分)(2)100叶绿素含量低(3)75%透光率（或T1)75%透光率组，百合叶片中叶绿素含量最高，Rubisco羧化酶活性最高，叶片气孔导度最大，C02供给能力强，叶片净光合速率最高，百合鳞茎中淀粉合成酶活性最高，转化淀粉能力强，从而提高了鳞茎中淀粉的含量(3分)【解析】(2)叶片固定C○2速率即叶片真光合作用速率，可用呼吸速率十净光合速率求得，透光率为25%~100%的真光合速率依次为7.5、8.91、10.37、6.18umol·m-2·s1,可见透光率为100%时叶片固定C02速率最低。(3)75%透光率组，百合叶片中叶绿素含量最高，Rubi$c0羧化酶活性最高，叶片气孔导度最大CO2供给能力强，叶片净光合速率最高，百合鳞茎中淀粉合成酶活性最高，转化淀粉能力强，从而提高了鳞茎中淀粉的含量。18.(每空2分，共12分)(1)Aabb、aaBb不能(2)AaBb长翅红眼：残翅红眼：长翅紫眼：残翅紫眼=64：8：8：1(3)长翅紫眼（或长翅紫眼雄性）1【解析】(I)亲本基因型为AabbXaaBb,若两对等位基因位于一对染色体上，后代表型比值也是长翅红眼：残翅红眼：长翅紫眼：残翅紫眼=1：1：1：1，所以不能验证是否遵循自由组合定律。(2)F1中表型为长翅红眼基因型均为AaBb,F2表型为长翅红眼为AB,其中A中AA占1/3，Aa占2/3，自由交配后代表型比值为8：1；B自由交配后代表型比值也为8：1，两者自由组合，后代长翅红眼：残翅红眼:长翅紫眼：残翅紫眼=64：8：8：1。(3)若A、a基因也在X染色体上，则长翅紫眼个体基因型为XbY,若A、a基因在常染色体上，则长翅紫眼个体基因型为AaXY,进行PCR后电泳，前者只有1个条带，后者有2个条带。19.(每空2分，共12分)(1)激素、神经递质神经调节分级调节(2)由正电荷变为负电荷小于(3)毛乳头细胞膜上的GC受体数量过高，接收到更多的GC抑制信号，导致毛乳头细胞分泌的Gs6蛋白减少，对毛囊干细胞的增殖分化的促进作用减弱【解析】(1)途径①是神经调节，分泌的去甲肾上腺素为神经递质，途径②肾上腺髓质为效应器，释放的去甲肾上腺素为激素；途径②为反射活动，属于神经调节，途径③分层调控机制属于分级调节。(2)信号传至A,点时，A,点由静息电位变为动作电位，Na+内流，膜外由正电荷变为负电荷；Na+内流为协助扩散，此时膜外Na+浓度还是大于膜内。(3)根据信息，糖皮质激素会抑制毛乳头细胞分泌Gs6蛋白，所以GC受体过多会导致毛乳头细胞接收到更多的GC抑制信号，导致毛乳头细胞分泌的Gs6蛋白减少，对毛囊干细胞的增殖分化的促进作用减弱，导致脱发。生物学参考答案（雅礼版）一3